The Western MSM have never questioned the ‘received truth’ that Athens understated its liability and obligations for several years following the launch of the euro. But few if any outside observers know the truth behind what happened when former leader of PASOK George Papandreou took over the Premiership in Greece and for Machiavellian reasons, the debt was suddenly overstated.
In October 2009, George Papandreou discovered that the two previous administrations had lied about both the size of the National Debt, and the ongoing level of government spending. In Greece, the folks you go to see to find out this kind of stuff hang out in an organization called ELSTAT (the Hellenic Statistical Authority).
What happened in the weeks following this was quite bizarre – and pretty fully documented. Somewhat panicked by the degree of mendacity he’d discovered, Papandreou confided to key Cabinet cronies that the real fiscal situation involved not balanced books, but a 7.8% deficit…well beyond the limits allowed by Brussels – although Brussels had, from Day One, been something of a paper tiger when it came to enforcing the currency rules. An insider from that time comments:
“Papandreou thought there was a serious chance he’d be thrown out of the Eurozone. Unbelievable I know, but he did. But then things went rapidly from bad to awful. He really did have no idea what was coming.”
Rather like an Olympics Budget, the deficit figure kept rising with each week, as the new government opened more and more worm-cans. First ELSTAT said 7.8%, then 9.8%, then it went to 11%, before finally settling at 13.6%. Only then – some time shortly before Christmas 2009 – did Papandreou talk to Brussels, Paris and Berlin about the possible need for a bailout.
In fact, through her Interior Minister Wolfgang Schäuble, Angela Merkel already knew about the Greek deficit lies. Schäuble became Finance Minister shortly after Papandreou came to power. Although Angela Merkel had shafted the wheelchair-bound assassin’s victim on at least two previous occasions, she wanted him now for three reasons: first, as Minister of the Interior, he had an excellent head for secrecy and covert operations. Second, he was hugely in favor of EU political union. And third, he didn’t have the scruples of his SPD predecessor, Peer Steinbrück. A lack of scruple was going to be crucial: for Merkel also knew that German banks were heavily exposed to the Athens deception.
Thus, if the eurozone members didn’t put their hands in their pockets big time, Germany could be facing a severe financial crisis. (Sarkozy, says a Parisian diplomatic source, was even more terrified, in that all his exposed banks were completely guaranteed by the State).
Somewhere in the midst of these talks, Berlin requested a smaller meeting with the Greeks. At this meeting, three sources (two Greek and one German) allege, the small German delegation made an astonishing observation: the situation would “have to look more desperate” in order to justify a bailout to the other eurozone members. That is to say, only widespread fear of the entire eurozone being damaged would get the member States to pile in with bailout monies.
What Berlin was really worried about, of course, was that the Franco-German banking system might collapse if Greece wasn’t saved. And at that stage, little or nothing had been done to make the sector better able to withstand a derivatives wave.
The European Commission had in fact already issued a warning in July 2009 that Greece’s deficit was likely to reach 10% of GDP – if no counter-measures were taken to curb public spending – and that Commissioners regarded the official 6% GDP forecast as “over-optimistic”. But, Berlin argued, only something, say, 50% or more above that potential second figure would frighten eurozoners enough to get them to part with their cash.
Without assuming much, one has to observe that this plan does have Schäuble written all over it. And sure enough, in due course (November 2010) the eurozone learned that the Greek deficit was ‘currently running at 15.8%’. George Papandreou had meanwhile announced his first austerity package in January 2010, and in May of that year EU leaders unveiled a €110bn bailout with money from the European Union (EU), the European Central Bank (ECB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF)….the so-called Troika. So clearly, the crisis was real enough….and the bailout fully justified. It seemed.
Fast forward now to 2011. Enter from left field former Hellenic Statistical Authority (ELSTAT) board member Zoi Georganta (pictured) who caused a sensation by alleging that the declared deficit for 2009 had been been massaged upwards in November 2010 by her boss Andreas Georgiou.
And lest any nasty male chauvinists out there want to dismiss Zoi Georganta as a lone madwoman, I should point out that six Elstat board members had been dismissed in June 2011 after clashing with Elstat chairman Georgiou. They too had spotted the Tippex liberally applied to the ‘revised’ data.
Says one Athenian source, “She was trying to tell everyone forever that she knew Pasok purposely sabotaged Greece at Germany’s request, to ensure our cooperation”. Zoi was off the money with her motive guesswork, but she was in no doubt that the figures had been got at and inflated. Investigators visited her, after which everything died down. It was said that she had changed her statement.
But now comes our old friend Evangelo Venizelos – author of the legislation to grant legal indemnity to all Greek Ministers: and in September, he orders the entire ELSTAT board (including Georganta) to resign….except the key villain, Andreas Georgiou. Just fancy that. And when Evangelo gets involved in the mire, you know a sh*tload of mire is being covered over with carefully planted (and watered) roses.
But given that Ms Georganta was not the only whistle blower at ELSTAT, the rumour persisted…albeit (as usual) without any awareness of this spreading scandal in the Western MSM. It persisted, in fact, throughout the eurozone. And in March this year, Zoi found an unlikely ally.
Joachin Almunia Amann is a former left-wing Spanish politician, and now a prominent European Commissioner. Currently responsible for Competition, in February 2010 – a crucial moment in the debt-inflation plot – he was the European Comissioner for Economic & Monetary affairs…the role now owned by Olli Rehn. Amann was thus in an unparalleled position to watch Greco-EU-German affairs unfold between the austerity announcement and then bailout agreement of 2010.
In a letter to the parliamentary committee of inquiry concerning allegations of deliberate deficit inflation of March 2012, Amman crucially stated that, ‘there was no obligation on each national statistical authority in the EU to follow Eurostat’s ESA 95 code on the inclusion of public utility accounts in the deficit’. But for some reason – suddenly – ELSTAT had decided to add it into the pot. In remarking upon this, Joachin defended the six who resigned from 2011. (And thus, by implication, Zoi Georganta as well).
Highly significantly, Amann also observed that had the 2009 warnings from his Commission been been enacted even as late as Papandreou’s arrival, ‘the measures would have succeeded if they had been properly and promptly implemented without any need for a bailout’.
So it was that last Monday (June 25th 2012) Zoi appeared before the deficit Enquiry in Parliament.
Having been the unhappy subject of quite a bit of interior ministry ‘attention’ over the last year, Ms Georganta decided to be more circumspect. She dumped on 2009 finance minister Giorgos Papaconstantinou, observing, “I have investigated the matter and found that he does not have any great experience with statistics, with economic issues. In my view, you cannot appoint such an inexperienced minister at such a crucial time.” Unless you don’t want any trouble, in which case you do. But she stuck to her guns about the debt being inflated, telling the Enquiry that the deficit for 2009 should have been 12.5% of GDP – and could have easily been brought to below 10 percent with immediate measures.
Crucially, Georganta, a professor of econometrics, confirmed to Greek media representatives that ELSTAT intentionally, and after being pressured by Eurostat (the EU’s tame body), inflated the 2009 revised deficit from roughly 12-13% to 15.8% using “non-scientific methods in order to justify the adoption of more and tougher fiscal measures in Greece.”
What conclusions should we draw?
Three years ago, I wouldn’t have touched a story like this with a bargepole. But since studying both the EU and the Greek tragedy in more detail in recent times, I’ve realised that a well-documented and sourced account, without collusion and based on trusted informants and mainstream Greek media reports, is more likely to be true than invention. Of course, a great many players on the geopolitical and European stages have agendas, axes to grind, and scores to settle. But when something fits, makes sense, and is in line with other discoveries made along the way….well, all I can say is that absolutely nothing surprises me any more.
So the conclusion I draw is that we have here opportunity, motive, testimony, media reports, personal ‘form’ and a jigsaw piece that fits very well with others upon which The Slog has reported over the last two years. In order to illustrate that assertion, let me introduce as a quartet four people I believe to have been pivotal in recent-history world affairs: Tim Geithner, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, Angela Merkel, and George Papandreou.
I will start by relaying this email content received from a heavyweight player in Greek affairs and a student of geopolitics. I’m sure he wouldn’t mind the tiny changes I’ve made here and there to improve his English grammar. He observes:
‘One very important person, I believe, is Strauss-Kahn. His connection with Papandreou is well known, and verified by his interview where he admitted that he had discussions with Papandreou a long time before the Greek door opening to the IMF [in 2010]. The point here is not the connection of S-K with Papandreou, but the timing of the dalliance which he was accused. I believe that S-K was at that point an ally of Merkel.
‘By the end of 2009, the international economic balance seemed to have permanently changed, and a new scene brought to being in which Europe was in a better position than the US. At the hub of the wheel there is Germany, asserting the role of economic power model, which could assure international monetary and financial stability.
‘The dramatic announcement by the Greek government of the imminent danger of bankruptcy [January 2010] opened the bag of Aeolus, revealing the weak and until then, unseen side of the euro. The Director of the International Monetary Fund, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, Minister of Commerce of France in the critical years of the early 90s when they entered the foundation for the creation of the euro, and Finance Minister of Germany, Schäuble, interior minister of Germany during secret agreements of the same period, realized that the U.S.would not let the window of opportunity that had opened be wasted – and that Greece would become the bridge for an attack on the Eurozone.’
The source is not a million miles away from where I am on this one. That is, DSK was taken out of the game for geopolitical reasons, and replaced with “our gal” (as Geithner calls her) Christine Lagarde. You can read several pieces related to this shift in my dedicated page here, The Strauss-Kahn Waltz. Left without an ally in establishing the hegemony of Europe at America’s expense, both Merkel and Schäuble now became deeply (and rightly) suspicious of the Geithner ‘amputation plot’ hatched in New York between late 2011 and early 2012 by a combo of Wall Street, Pentagon and Fed Treasury appointees. You can read more on this at US Bankers given a timetable for Greek Default and also at Greek default planners falling out over firewall.
The Americans hoped to gain a firewall, military bases and access to precious raw materials by befriending a post-euro Greece. That ambition still remains, but what the story unveiled above shows is that Angela Merkel and Wolfgang Schäuble are more than worthy opponents in the murky world of geopolitical jockeying.
Source - The Slog
Note from hellasfrappe - I think the article is a little too fair with Papandreou and does not criticise his inadequacy to act right away and take measures that would have allowed the government to lower the deficit immediately. Also there was no word about the CDS, or the 10 day period when the bank of greece allowed short-selling to occur. And.. it does not even touch Papakostantinou's involvement, which we find a little suspicious. We also read that he wrote about the two previous governments implying that it was the governments of Costas Simitis and Costas Karamanlis. There was no mention of the massive amount of debt that was created in the 80s under the Andreas Papandreou government, the interest of which continued to inflate our debt every year. Also the author forget to mention that the time bomb he refers to was designed and set up to blow up in the hands of Costas Karamanlis by the previous Costas Simitis government and not the hands of George PApandreou. The "time bomb" was as a result of the 2000 Stock market scandal where more than 1 trillion was lost, as well as after a very costly (and over charged) 2004 Olympic Games. Combine this with all the public sector hirings, the scandals, etc... as well as the Ktimatiki Scandal in New York where PASOK literally stole almost one billion from the Omogenia through the Ktimatiki Bank, 2 Delors Packages from Europe where PASOK MPs were baptizing Balkan corn as Greek to steal EU subsidies, tens of thousands of pensions that were escaping to Crete to the names of people who had passed away years ago and the list goes on... and on... and on... The political party that designed the immunity law, that is the only party that has been implicated in receiving kickbacks in the Siemens and Ferrostal scandals in PASOK. They knew they were going to be voted out of power in 2004 and that is why they designed this time bomb so that Karamanlis would only serve one term as prime minister, and they could come back into power right away. Don't you remember the fires in the Peloponnese? This was a clear indication that they wanted to rise back in power, and were trying to detonate this time bomb. Karamanlis did come back to power because he was well-liked and respected by the people... but PASOK's cleverness then began to devise "scandals" so that they can destabilze the economic, political and social scenes in Greece, which they did... and let us not forget that these were the three factors discovered by Russian intelligence officials when they discovered the attempted assassination plot against him as well. Luckily Karamanlis, aside from being a true patriot, was also very clever, and boomeranged the situation back at PASOK and allowed the party that created the crisis to pay politically for the crisis and that is why today this party only has 30 deputies in Parliament from 164 in the previous one. This is our opinion here at hellasfrappe, based on what we know and it is non-negotiable. Nonetheless everything else in this article is correct and we agree with everything else the Blog wrote.